how does a single phase step down transformer work?

A single-phase step-down transformer works by transferring electrical energy between two coils, known as the primary and secondary windings, through electromagnetic induction. When alternating current (AC) flows through the primary winding, it creates a magnetic field that induces a voltage in the secondary winding. The transformer reduces voltage from the primary to the secondary side based on the turns ratio of the windings. This allows for efficient voltage reduction, making it suitable for various applications.