how does a phase shifting transformer work?

A phase-shifting transformer (PST) works by altering the phase angle of the voltage in a power system, enabling better control of power flow between different transmission lines. It consists of multiple windings that are arranged to create a specific phase shift, typically between 0 to 30 degrees. By adjusting the phase relationship, PSTs help manage load distribution, reduce congestion, and enhance the stability of the electrical grid, ultimately improving overall system efficiency.