How does transformer oil provide surge protection in power transformers?

Transformer oil provides surge protection in power transformers by acting as an insulating medium that absorbs and dissipates electrical surges. When a surge occurs, the oil’s dielectric properties prevent arcing and breakdown, maintaining electrical insulation between conductive parts. Additionally, the oil helps to cool the transformer, reducing the risk of overheating during surge conditions. This combination of insulation and thermal management is crucial for the reliable operation of power transformers.