what is meant by isolation transformer?

An isolation transformer is a type of transformer designed to isolate electrical equipment from the power source, providing safety and protection. It achieves this by having separate primary and secondary windings, which prevents direct electrical connection between the input and output. This isolation helps reduce the risk of electric shock, minimizes noise interference, and protects sensitive devices from voltage spikes. Isolation transformers are commonly used in medical equipment, audio systems, and industrial applications.