How are transformer oil and winding temperature settings coordinated?

Oil and winding temperature settings are coordinated so protection responds to true thermal risk. Top oil temperature reflects bulk heating and cooling performance, while winding temperature estimates hotspot risk, often via thermal models and sensors. Alarm and trip settings are staged: oil alarms may trigger cooling steps, while winding alarms indicate insulation stress. Coordination also considers ambient temperature and load, ensuring cooling control activates before unsafe winding hotspots occur.