why is power lost in real transformers?

Power loss in real transformers occurs primarily due to two factors: copper losses and core losses. Copper losses arise from the resistance in the windings when current flows, resulting in heat generation. Core losses, also known as iron losses, consist of hysteresis and eddy current losses in the magnetic core due to alternating magnetic fields. These losses reduce the overall efficiency of transformers, making them less than 100% efficient in energy transfer.